Effects of Cadmium on Some Histopathological and Histochemical Characteristics of the Kidney and Gills Tissues of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Dietary Supplemented with Tomato Paste and Vitamin E

摘要

Tomato and their variable products attracted the attention of many authors as antioxidants in mammals and fishes due to the high content of different micronutrients including lycopene. The latter micronutrient was proofed in many studies to be valid in cancer treatments especially for prostate and breast cancer . So, the present study was carried out to investigate the potential protective effects of tomato paste (9 mg lycopene/kg b.wt.) in comparison with vitamin E (50 mg kg-1 b.wt.) against the impacts of cadmium (Cd) toxicity (4.64 mg L-1: ? of 96 h-LC50) on fishes exposed for 15 and 30 days. Cd impacts were evaluated in terms of histopathological and histochemicals characteristics. Kidneys from fishes exposed to concentration of cadmium for 15 days showed swelling and hypertrophy of tubules with nuclear deterioration and pyknosis. Glomerular alternation was also observed. But in case of longer exposure (30 days), a severe damage in the structure of the kidney was noticed (anged from degeneration to necrosis). The gill exhibited severs hyperplasia and proliferation of chloride cells as well as significant shortened length and reduced secondary gill lamellae. Glycogen content decreased in the kidney reflecting decline in carbohydrates materials and decrease in the brush border of renal tubules in comparison with the control group. Gills also showed increase in the number of mucus and chloride cells. These Cd-induced parameters were significantly improved with supplementation of vitamin E and/or tomato paste. These findings demonstrated the beneficial supplementation of vitamin E and/or tomato paste in reducing the harmful effects of Cd.