Evaluate the effect of three levels pH in leaching and volatilization of nitrogen fertilizers, in three soil types

摘要

The present study was realized in order to determin e the type of soil and the suitability of pH to a void the losses of nitrogen from leaching and volatilization, using th ree different soils: organic, clayish and sandy, pH : 6, 7 and 8 and four nitrogenous fertilizers: Urea, Ammonium sulfat e, Ammonium nitrate and Potassium nitrate. The ammo nium and nitrates were estimated by using a probe and an spectrophotometer. The present research was conduc ted in Agricultural Sciences Faculty (IASA I), University of the Armed Forces (ESPE), Ecuador. The leached so il samples were estimated for ammonium and nitrates after 1, 3 , 7, 14, and 21days, using the probe after volatili zation. The evaluation was carried out by using a static camera for the measurement of NH 3 , with10 ml of 2 % with H 3 BO 3 and covered with a plastic cover. The data generated wa s analyzed by the Michaelis-Menten mathematical mod el for the measurement of the speeds and maximum concentration s. For comparison, two different solutions of Ammon ium sulfate and Potassium nitrate were measured by the probe, and the spectrophotometer and the results we re analyzed by the statistical Z-score test. The most reliable method is the probe. In clayish and sandy soils wit h pH 6, present less concentration of ammonium and nitrate, respect ively. The greatest loss by volatilization is obser ved in sandy soil and the pH 8 with ammonium nitrate.