Hepatitis C Virus Antibody Prevalence, Demographics and Associated Factors among Persons Screened at Hawai‘i Community-based Health Settings, 2010–2013

摘要

We sought to determine the prevalence of HCV infection and identify factors associated with HCV infection among clients presenting to community-based health settings in Hawai‘i from 2010–2013. An earlier report on this study population covered the period from December 2002 through May 2010. Since 2010, the HCV screening inclusion criteria have been relaxed, and the program has greatly expanded. Clients from 26 community-based sites were administered questionnaires, and were screened for HCV antibodies from January 2010 through April 2013 (N = 8,588). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. HCV antibody prevalence was 5.9% compared with 11.9% from 2002–2010. Persons aged 45–65 years had the highest HCV antibody prevalence (8.4%) compared with all other age groups. Significant independent variables associated with HCV antibody prevalence were injection drug use, blood transfusion before July 1992, and having an HCV-infected sexual partner. While characteristics associated with HCV infection remained essentially unchanged from those identified in the earlier analysis, the expansion of screening sites and less restrictive inclusion criteria led to a much larger study population and a concurrent decrease in overall HCV antibody prevalence. However, while the highest age-specific prevalence remained the same for both screening periods, the prevalence among younger persons (< 30 years old) doubled (from 2.4% to 4.7%). By expanding the HCV screening program and relaxing the inclusion criteria, a greater number of HCV-infected persons and a greater proportion of younger persons with HCV infection were identified while still maintaining a focus on at-risk individuals.