Oral and oropharyngeal cancer in the Middle East and North Africa: Incidence, mortality, trends, and gaps in public databases as presented to the Global Oral Cancer Forum

摘要

Objectives:Oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer (OCC-OPC) is a major health problem worldwide. The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is constituted of 23 countries, with a heterogeneous population of over 448 million people. This is the first review to report collectively on the epidemiology and etiology of OCC-OPC in the MENA region.Methods:Data are derived from GLOBOCAN 2012. We searched the published literature databases to report risk factors of oral cancer in the MENA region.Results:Age-standardized incidence rates per 100,000 per annum are estimated by GLOBOCAN 2012 for males and females and these were 2.6 and 1.8, respectively. The age-standardized mortality rates of OCC-OPC for males and females were 1.1 and 0.7, respectively. Importantly, the crude incidence and mortality rates are projected to double by 2030 especially in Egypt, Iran, Morocco, Sudan, and Turkey. This increase is double that of the projected worldwide rate.Conclusion:Local governments and international agencies should co...