Efficacy and safety of cholecalciferol-augmented anti-tuberculosis therapy for treatment of na?ve patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: A randomized, controlled, clinical study

摘要

Background/objective Vitamin D deficiency may contribute to the therapeutic failure of antituberculosis therapy (ATT). The aim of this study is to explore the role of adding cholecalciferol to the standard ATT in improving the therapeutic outcome among the na?ve patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Methods A randomized, controlled, clinical study, which included 496 na?ve patients with pulmonary TB, was carried out. The patients were randomly allocated to two groups. Group-A included 247 patients who received ATT, while group-B included 249 patients who received ATT with cholecalciferol. Results The rate of therapeutic failure among the study population was 29.4%; it was significantly lower among patients of group-B compared to those of group-A (22.1% (95% CI 14.7–26.2) vs 38.1% (95% CI 31.5–46.1), p 0.036). In addition, the rate of early therapeutic response was significantly higher among patients of group-B compared to those of group-A (35.3% (95% CI 29.6–42.3) vs 19.4% (95% CI 15.1–24.6), p 0.041). Incidence rate of adverse effects was 19.3%; it was higher (although not statistically significant) among patients of group-A compared to those of group-B (21.9% vs 16.9%). Conclusions In conclusion, cholecalciferol-augmented ATT can be more efficacious in treating na?ve patients with pulmonary TB compared to the standard ATT. In addition, adding vitamin D3 to ATT provides extra protection against the hepatic and muscular adverse effects of ATT.