Ethical international scientific writing collaboration, co-operation and partnerships: Case studies and testimonials

摘要

Different types of collaboration, partnership and co-operation (CPC) exist in science and their possible forms can be different depending on the phase of scientific research when it is applied and consequently, on the common goals of participants. Scientific research can be dividedintoat least three different phases andthe success of a scientific research needs the efficient completion of all these phases to take the findings to an acceptable level of publication. Ataninitial phase,one or more parties have a basic idea or null-hypothesis, in the second phase these parties,together or with other parties,establish and realize a research project to developanidea or to prove or reject the null-hypothesis. In the final phase,these parties,alone or together with other parties,write and publish the resultsthat emergedfrom the two previous phasesallowingother scientiststobe able to use these results and formulate new ideas or hypotheses and start a new cycleof research and CPC.The goal of an internationalwritingCPCin the third phase of scientific researchis tosuccessfullypresent the results of a research project or that of the literary worktoabroaderscientific community. Different writingCPCscan exist to tackle differentresearch communications, such asoriginalresearch papers, reviews, opinion papers, among others. In thisreviewpaper we show–throughpersonalreal case studiesand testimonialsofwriting CPCaccumulated over the past 5 years –how international writing collaboration can enhance the successof publicationin a very simple but practical wayand how it can promote scientific advancement without any ethical misconductor barriers.