Resultados alejados del implante miocárdico de células madre en la miocardiopatía chagásica

摘要

Objective The present clinical study is aimed at assessing the safety and feasibility of cardio implantation of mononuclear bone marrow cells, as well as analyzing the clinical and ventricular function changes in patients with cardiac failure secondary to dilated myocardial disease of chagasic origin that underwent this procedure. Material and Methods The sample included 5 consecutive patients (3 male), mean age 55, 8 ± 8, 1 years that showed cardiac failure secondary to chagasic myocardial disease. Average pre-surgery data in these patients were 2, 6 ± 0, 5 functional class (NYHA), whereas the left ventricle fraction corresponded to 27, 6% ± 5, 9%, the left ventricle diastolic diameter was 49, 7 ± 7, 6 mm. The cellular suspension obtained from mononuclear bone marrow cells contained 10, 6 ± 7 ml with 1, 43 ± 0, 6 (E+08) cell counting with a viability higher than 95%. Corresponding to CD34+, 5, 07 ± 9, 51 (E+06) fraction and CD133+, 5, 11 ± 4, 3 (E+06). Suspension was intracoronary injected in pulses to four patients and transepicardially to the fifth during the course of a surgery (mitral valve replacement, revascularization and degradable bioartificial matrix). Results At 17,2 ± 8,8 average months follow up, 4 patients were alive and with functional class I (p < 0,005). One patient died of sudden death after 17 months of follow up. During this evolution time period no adverse events were observed in none of the patients referred for cellular implantation. In regards to the ejection fraction, a 36,6% ± 2,3% (p < 0,05) increase was observed. Data obtained from the assessment of the left ventricle systolic and diastolic diameters did not show significant statistical changes. Conclusions This study represents the second world communication on the use of stem cells in Chagas-Mazza heart disease. The procedure resulted feasible and safe and was associated to improvement of the functional capacity and ventricular function during follow up. These conditional results should be corroborated by broader controlled clinical trials.