Etiopatogenia de la microangiopatía diabética. Consideraciones bioquímicas y moleculares

摘要

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease widely spread today, causing high costs to health and the global economy. Microangiopathy is one of its most significant late complications and the leading cause of disabling complications in advanced diabetes. This paper aimed at describing the etiology and pathogenesis of diabetic microangiopathy considering the current knowledge about the involved molecular events and their particular manifestation in diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy. It was concluded that the fundamental metabolic cause of diabetic microangiopathy is chronic hyperglycemia, which can modify intracellular metabolic pathways, as well as the protein structure and composition and increase the oxidative stress.