Prevalence of Elevated Blood Lead Level in Children of India

摘要

Children are most susceptible to lead exposure. The most common lead exposure sources for children are leaded paint, leaded gasoline, lead-acid batteries, drinking water, food and toys, which should be considered for regular monitoring. Exposure to lead during pregnancy and blood lead levels (BLLs) in early childhood have also been associated with lead toxicity and lead associated adverse cognitive effects in children. Overall 47% children in India have elevated BLL (?10μg/dL) and more than half of the children residing in metropolitan cities as well as in rural areas. The discrepancy in the mean distribution of elevated BLL in children was found. Prevalence of elevated BLL in children was also discrete. The low value of BLL (<5μg/dL) showed lead toxicity and longtime accumulation effect, which are associated with impaired intelligent quotient (IQ) of children. It is an alarming stage for the policy makers and health practitioners to monitor the BLL in regional and local areas of the country and find out the risk factors which are responsible for the elevation of BLL in children. Mass screening of elevated BLL in children is required by opting lower cut-off value of BLL (?5μg/dL) to reduce its longer effect on neurobehavioural function. Awareness camps for general population regarding lead exposure and its adverse effects on children are also frequently needed to minimize the use of lead.