Occurrence and prevalence of six honey bee viruses in Hakkari (Turkey) and their genomic divergence

摘要

A survey study was conducted to establish the occurrence and prevalenceof Blackqueen cell virus (BQCV), Deformedwing virus (DWV), Sacbrood virus(SBV), Chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV),Kashmir bee virus (KBV) and Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) in traditionallybeekeeping sites of Hakkari province (Turkey). Including the central Hakkari,the districts of Cukurca, Semdinli and Yuksekova were surveyed to assess the typesof symptoms and the severity of the diseases of honey bees in a total of 90apiaries. Thepresence of BQCV, DWV, SBV and CBPV infections were ascertainedfor the first time by RT-PCR. BQCV was found in three sampled districts and was themost frequently detected virus, found in 32% of bee samples.Less than 24% ofasymptomatic bee samples were positive for DWV, SBVand CBPV with the infection ratio of 23, 12 and 9%, respectively. Thesamples showing deformed wing symptoms were always reacted positive for DWV. During this survey, KBV and IAPV were not detected inany of tested bee samples. Some double and triple infections were encountered: BQCV+DWV 7 (7.7%),BQCV+SBV 4 (4.4%), BQCV+CBPV 2 (2.2%), DWV+CBPV 2 (2.2%), DWV+SBV 1 (1.1%) andDWV+BQCV+SBV 1 (1.1%). The overall incidences of detected viruses (BQCV, DWV,SBV and CBPV) were lower than the other records of various sites of the world. Based on blast analysis at NCBIdatabase, the cloned nucleotide sequences of Hakkari’s isolates of BQCV, DWV,SBV, and CBPV have been showed varied nucleic acid similarities between 77-99%.