Introduction: The Role of Minimally Invasive Urology In the New Millennium

摘要

The field of urology has experiencedtremendous advances in the new millennium.Technological innovations in opticsand instrumentation have helpedshape the area of minimally invasive urologicsurgery (MIUS). In the past, operationsfor prostate cancer, kidney cancerand stone disease involved large incisions,significant blood loss and long hospitalizationswith high patient morbidity.The evolution of laparoscopy, roboticsand percutaneous surgery has propelleda paradigm shift.