Die Gletscher um "1850" und "HEUTE" im Bünderland und in den angrenzenden Gebieten : Untersuchungen zur H?henlage, Ver?nderungen und r?umlichen Struktur von Schneegrenzen

摘要

An inventory of data for the extent of ice in 1850 is presentedand compared to the extent of alpine glaciers in 1973 asrecorded by the Swiss glacier inventory. Special attention isgiven to the position and spatial Variation of snowline altitudes based on data for the general ice retreat between 1850and 1973.The r?nge of snowline altitudes (as given by the 2 :1 -equilibrium line calculation) reflects the topography and the related change from wet perialpine to dry continental inneralpineareas. In addition, the effects of local condition are superimposed on this trend. The overall climatically induced rise insnowline altitudes between 1850 and 1973 is 77 +/-51 m.The considerable r?nge of 340 m as compared to the actualSituation in 1973 demonstrates the influence of local topography, geometry and dip of the glacier surface on the snowline altitude.The mean altitude of the firnline in 1973 quantifies the meltingduring the last year of Observation 1972/73. The glaciers inthe regions of Bernina, Bergell and Kesch are more stronglyaffected than in other areas during this budget period. Onthe average, the firnline altitude rose 120 m above de 2 :1 -equilibrium line corresponding to the surface geometry ofthat year.The data presented and the climatological information will beanalysed and deciphered in more details.