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History Written in Stone: Evolutionary Analysis of Stone Tools in Archeology

机译:用石头写的历史:考古中石器的进化分析

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Populations of living things evolve over time, but do other things? Evolution involves transmission, be it of genes, ideas, or designs. What is transmitted, how and by whom, influences tempo and mode of evolution. In recent years, archeologists have applied evolutionary logic and processes to their study of things made and used by ancient people. Despite differences in subject units and in modes and patterns of transmission, evolutionary processes and the transmission modes that accompany them are worth seeking in archeological data. Stone spear points are abundant in the archeological record, yet we lack a theory to explain the creation, duration, and divergence of point types. Evolutionary studies of New World Late Pleistocene Paleoindian points are a step toward such theory, but limit the form of data and the evolutionary processes considered. An alternative in the study of Paleoindian points is geometric morphometric methods that do not constrain how point size and form are characterized nor assume branching divergence between taxa. Evolutionism should not dominate archeology, but it should become a major area of research within the field.
机译:生物种群随着时间的推移而进化,但是还有其他事物吗?进化涉及基因,思想或设计的传播。传播的内容,传播方式和传播者会影响进化的速度和方式。近年来,考古学家将进化逻辑和过程应用于研究古代人制造和使用的事物。尽管主题单位以及传播方式和模式有所不同,但在考古数据中仍应寻求进化过程及其伴随的传播方式。石矛点在考古记录中很丰富,但是我们缺乏理论来解释点类型的产生,持续时间和分歧。新世界晚更新世古印度点的进化研究是向这种理论迈进的一步,但限制了数据的形式和所考虑的进化过程。在古印度点研究中,另一种选择是几何形态计量学方法,该方法既不限制点大小和形式的特征,也不假设分类群之间的分支分歧。进化论不应主导考古学,而应成为该领域的主要研究领域。

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