This paper attempts to solve the problems of uneven energy consumption and premature death of nodes in the traditional routing algorithm of rechargeable wireless sensor network in the ubiquitous power Internet of things. Under the application environment of the UPIoT, a multipath routing algorithm and an opportunistic routing algorithm were put forward to optimize the network energy and ensure the success of information transmission. Inspired by the electromagnetic propagation theory, the author constructed a charging model for a single node in the wireless sensor network (WSN). On this basis, the network energy optimization problem was transformed into the network lifecycle problem, considering the energy consumption of wireless sensor nodes. Meanwhile, the traffic of each link was computed through linear programming to guide the distribution of data traffic in the network. Finally, an energy optimization algorithm was proposed based on opportunistic routing, in a more realistic low power mode. The experimental results show that the two proposed algorithms achieved better energy efficiency, network lifecycle and network reliability than the shortest path routing (SPR) and the expected duty-cycled wakeups minimal routing (EDC). The research findings provide a reference for the data transmission of UPIoT nodes.
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