Optimal Energy Allocation Scheme in Distributed Estimation for Wireless Sensor Networks over Rayleigh Fading Channels

摘要

We focus on the issue of energy and bandwidth limitations in Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN). To tackle this issue, we propose the optimal energy allocation scheme and the optimal numberof quantization bits by using alternating optimization method. Firstly, we determine the optimal energyallocation scheme which minimizes the reconstruction error on fusion center by keeping the numberof quantization bits per sensor fixed. Secondly, we determine the optimal number of quantization bitsper sensor such that the energy allocation scheme achieves the minimum reconstruction error. To findthe optimal energy allocation scheme and the optimal number of quantization bits jointly, we proposean iterative algorithm. The results show that the proposed algorithms do not only achieve better resultsthan equal energy allocation scheme but also produce reconstruction error close to that of un-quantizedestimation. This paper also investigates the effects of sensor noise observation and propagation losseson the design of optimal energy allocation scheme. The optimal energy allocation scheme suggests theallocation of more energy to sensors with small variance noise of sensor observation.