A deformation of surface during the construction of underground spaces

摘要

The tunnelling in cities with a low overburden leads to a ground movement. Relations between these deformations and the operating depth are not linear and simple; they depend on a lot of factors. An important task is to identify the sources of these settlement and to understand the mechanism of their creation for the construction of underground structures. The modelling of each stress state can simplify their understanding and reduce the problems ensued from the ground movement.