Successful Cyclosporine Treatment for Atopic Dermatitis in a Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta)

摘要

Ajuvenile(1yearold)femalerhesusmacaque(Macacamulatta)developedachronicactiveskinconditioncharacterizedbypruritus,erythema,alopecia,scaling,exfoliation,andlichenification.Lesionswerelimitedtotheventrum,specificallyrostralmandibleandneck,axillaandinguinalregions,distalextremities,andinterdigitalregions.Differentialdiagnosesincludedinfection,dietarydeficiency,metabolicabnormality,endocrinopathy,andimmunologicalinjury.Diagnostictestsincludedcompletehemogram,serumchemistry,skinscrapesforectoparasitedetection,hairplucksfordermatophyteculture,andaserum-basedhypersensitivitypanel.Allresultswerewithinnormallimits.Dermalbiopsiesrevealedlesionsconsistentwithactiveallergicdermatitis,andadiagnosisofatopicdermatitiswasmade.Oralcyclosporine(5mg/kgdaily)rapidlyeliminatedclinicalevidenceofdermatitis.Histologically,lesionsresolvedafter12monthsoftreatment.Atopicdermatitisisaninflammatoryskinconditionforwhichthereareneitherpathognomonicclinicalordiagnosticfeaturesnorasinglesuccessfultherapy.Basiccriteriasuchaspruritus,lichenification,achroniccourse,andhistoryofallergiesstronglysupportthediagnosis.Onesuccessfultherapeuticagentisamacrolidecalcineurininhibitor,cyclosporine.Itrepresentsasaferclassofimmunomodulatorydrugsthancorticosteroidsandprovidestargetedalterationoflymphocytefunction.Toourknowledgethiscaserepresentsthefirstreportedsuccessfultreatmentofatopicdermatitisinanonhumanprimateutilizingcyclosporine.