An Overview of Diabetes Management in China: The Application of Innovative Care for Chronic Conditions Framework 中国糖尿病管理概述：慢性病创新照护模式的应用

摘要

China has the largest number of people with diabetes in the world. In the past, no overall assessment of diabetes management efforts has been done in China. Today diabetes has become a significant public health problem in China. It is imperative to gain a comprehensive view of diabetes management efforts within China's specific socio-political infrastructure. In this study, the Innovative Care for Chronic Conditions framework (ICCC) comprised of Macro (policy environment), Meso (health care organization and community), and Micro (patient interaction) levels developed by World Health Organization was used as an analytic framework to demonstrate status and gaps in existing diabetes management in China. An integrative multi-level literature review was conducted using the ICCC framework. Multiple resources, including English and Chinese-language references databases and information from China governmental health websites, were used. Today, responsibilities for diabetes management in China are mainly delegated to health care providers. This effort could be enhanced and complemented by increased support from the government, more resources for diabetes management in the community; structures from health organizations, and stronger partnerships between health care organizations and the community. The roles of patients and their families in diabetes management should also be elevated. Researchers, health practitioners, policy makers and other stakeholders are able to use the findings to delineate optimal strategies for diabetes prevention and management. In the future, the ICCC framework can serve as the conceptual basis for chronic conditions situation analysis and health care system design in China.