Factores de riesgo para Diabetes Gestacional en poblacin obsttrica

摘要

La diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) se define como una intolerancia a los carbohidratos de severidad variable, que comienza o que es detectada por primera vez durante el embarazo. Su prevalencia es del 7% segn la poblacin estudiada y la prueba de diagnstico utilizada. En Colombia los datos son inferiores a los descritos en la literatura con reportes que van desde 0,34 % a 2,03 %. Los hispanos son considerados poblacin de alto riesgo para diabetes gestacional, estos datos son dismiles de lo reportado en la literatura internacional y sera pertinente preguntarse si esta poblacin considerada como de alto riesgo corresponde nicamente a los hispanos que viven en Estados Unidos Europa. No existen estudios propios que determinen cules son los factores de riesgo para nuestra poblacin obsttrica. Conociendo la controversia sobre la realizacin del tamizaje, es importante identificar a travs de la revisin de la evidencia los factores de riesgo para diabetes gestacional. SUMMARY Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is defined as carbohydrate intolerance of variable severity with Honest or first recognition during pregnancy. it the literature reports prevalence of 7%, rate which varies according to the population studied and the diagnostic test utilized. In Colombia the scant data available, shows prevalence rates that are lower ranging from 0,34 % to 2,03 %. In the United States the population identified as Hispanic is considered to be at high risk for GDM. These data are different to the international literature and would be then pertinent to ask if ethnicity as a risk factor and as described before, corresponds only to the Hispanic poulations that live in the United States or Europe. There arent studies available that determine which are the risk factors for our obstetric population. Due to the controversy currently existing in the literature about the tests that should be used or not for screening for GDM, it is important to review the current evidence available.