Aumento de imigrantes em países emergentes: saúde pública gratuita e vacina??o como medidas preventivas no BrasilAumento de inmigrantes en países emergentes: atención a la salud gratuita y vacunación como medidas preventivas en Brasil

摘要

In 2018, 65.6 million individuals around the world were forcibly displaced , according to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), who were divided in 22.5 million refugees, 10 million stateless people and 189,300 resettled refugees. The majority of refugees (55%) were from three countries: South Sudan, Afghanistan and Syria 1.The reinforcement of cross-border policies in developed countries 2,3 lead refugees to seek emerg ing and even poor nations 4 as a new option due to the weak border surveillance and flexible entrance polices for foreigners which allow them to remain in these countries while awaiting the legalization of their stay.Brazil is one of these destinations for immigrants and refugees. The estimated population of immigrants in Brazil is 669,187, with a 160% increase from 2010 to 2016 (Table 1) 5.The number of asylum claims in the country increased to 33,865, but only 473 were approved in 2017, a low rate in 5 years (Table 2). The main emissive countries (Table 3) of refugees to Brazil are Bolivia (15,753 in 2010), Haiti (34,770 in 2014) and Venezuela (17,865 in 2017).