Researches Regarding Elaboration of a Technology for Momordica charantia L. Crops Establishment in the Field in Western Part of Romania

摘要

Momordica charantia L., known in Romania as bitter cucumber, is a tropical species which belongs to Cucurbitaceae family. It has been consumed in many parts of the world as a food and considered in numerous Asian countries one of the most common medicinal plants, extremely valuable because of its hypocholesteric, antibacterial, carminative, anticancerous, anthelmintic effects, but most of all because of its hypoglycemic-antidiabetic strong action. Researches regarding elaboration of an optimum technology for Momordica charantia L. crops establishment in the western part of the country were carried out during 2007 and 2008, on pedoclimatical terms from Arad area. For obtaining the biological material used as parts of the experiments there were employed seeds from Arad local population. Crops were established in the field by two methods: direct sowing and planting the seedling obtained in pots in protected spaces. Crops establishment schemes were varied, with densities ranging between 5555 and 14286 plants/ha. 2007 was a better year than 2008 from the viewpoint of obtained yields, because of the favourable climatical features for this species cultivation: higher temperatures and rainfalls during cultivation period (May-September). For both experimental years, the highest yields were obtained when was used 1,8 x 0,75 m scheme with a density of 7407 plants/ha and the crops were established by planting the seedling at the beginning of May.