KONTEMPLACJA I EKSPRESJA - ŚAKUNTALA KALIDASY WEDŁUG JERZEGO GROTOWSKIEGO

摘要

Kalidas's Sakuntala, which was presented by Jerzy Grotowki in the Theatre of 13 Rows nearly fifty years ago, has entered history not only as one of successive Western stage versions of this famous Indian drama, but primarily as a benchmark of Grotowski's troupe's theatrical exploration and examination of a new paradigm of acting technique. Both the manner of developing Kalidas's original text (the prologue containing the Shiva mantra, the reduction of the action to the love story, the bipartite structure of the action - reflecting sensual and metaphysical experience - the tripartite structure of each of these parts, the addition to the play's script of fragments from the Manusmriti and Kamasutra and songs and a recitation addressed to Shiva), as well as the manner of staging (the spatial organisation around a Shiva lingam, the environmental space) and the acting technique indicate Grotowski's conscious reference to Indian tradition related to Shiva, and to the tantric conception of the dance of Shiva and Parwati. It would seem that in Grotowski's vision the intention of expressing and experiencing a transformation, through theatre, of subjectivity (the character, the actor and the spectator) from temporal to transcendental, psychological to ecstatic, is dominant. It would also seem that the dynamic of such a transformation was central to the concept of 'secular ritual' and to Grotowski's later theatre productions, which from the viewpoint of history designated a new theatrical convention.%„Jeśli pracujesz nad pytaniem «Kim jestem?», pytanie odeśle cię jak gdyby w jakieś jeszcze ważniejsze miejsce i twoje ograniczone «ja» zniknie, znajdziesz coś innego, rzeczywistego".