Practitioners are increasingly applying building information modeling during design and collaboration with contractors and even after occupancy for long-term facility operations and upkeep. These are excellent uses of BIM technology, but the case can be made to apply BIM even before all of these. That phase before an owner or developer says, "Yes, let's do it," can be a time of client uncertainty, fiscal fluctuations and competing priorities, especially in an unpredictable economy. For practitioners who are asked to do preliminary work for new commercial properties, these early, nonbillable services for a client can cost a great deal of time and money.
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