Clean dyeing of cotton fiber using a novel nicotinic acid quaternary triazine cationic reactive dye: salt-free, alkali-free, and non-toxic by-product

摘要

The traditional dyeing methods of reactive dyes leave a high amount of salt and alkali in the dye bath waste, causing serious environmental problems. A comparative study of four reactive anthraquinone dyes was made in this paper. It is concluded that Dye 4 which has cationic soluble groups and nicotinic acid quaternary triazine reactive group giving a high level of exhaustion and fixation on cotton fiber in the absence of salt and alkali. In addition to that, the by-product, namely nicotinic acid, is not environmentally harmful and does not show side effects of pollution. The utilization of Dye 4 is nearly 20 % higher than that of an ordinary reactive dye (Dye 1). Meanwhile, the color fastness of Dye 4 to rubbing, washing, and light on cotton fiber were good throughout and almost the same as those of Dye 1. Therefore, from the standpoint of environmental protection, Dye 4 which has the advantages of salt-free, alkali-free, high utilization, and non-toxic by-product is an environmentally acceptable dye for clean reactively dyeing on cotton fiber.