BROOKINGS PAPERS ON ECONOMIC ACTIVITY

摘要

In the second paper, Jeremy Nalewaik turns to a critically important issue in economic measurement. GDP, a country's overall economic output, can be measured either as the sum of all final expenditures or as the sum of all incomes earned. Yet despite the conceptual equivalence, the measure based on expenditure-which Nalewaik calls GDP(E)-has often differed substantially over recent decades from the measure based on income, or GDP(I). Currently, the Bureau of Economic Analysis, the official source of data for both measures, emphasizes the expenditure-based measure as its "top line" measure, and the income-based measure (which the bureau calls gross domestic income, or GDI) rarely receives much mention in public discussion.