On the Formal Characteristics of Kiyonori Kikutake's 'Marine City' Projects Published at the Turn of the 50's and 60's

摘要

'Marine City' projects by Kiyonori Kikutake are the first and most influential proposals to build 'Megastructures' into the sea after the dissolution of CLAM. They include two basic types: the 'Floating Structure' as a concentric and city-scale type, and the 'Linear Ocean City' as a linear and national-scale type. As part of an ongoing research on 'Megastructure' proposals by the 'Metabolism' group, the paper focuses on the 'Floating Structure' with floating horizontal plates, the 'Floating Platform', as one of the inventive examples of the 'Megastructure' and its 'artificial land'. The three projects, which are based on the 'Floating Platform', are analyzed in order to illustrate the characteristics of Kikutake's 'Megastructure' and its 'artificial land'. Analyses are carried out for the support-relations of 'Floating Platform' and the interrelations among structural and spatial elements on the building scale, as well as for the support-relations among structural elements, the functional zoning, and growth patterns on the city scale. Through the analyses, an essential difference between Marine City Project, 1958 and the other two projects is found in accordance with their difference of scale and -based on it - a shift in Kikutake's approach is discussed respectively.