Nonlinear characteristics of the Fowler-Nordheim plot for field emission from In_2O_3 nanowires grown on InAs substrate

摘要

Nonlinear characteristics of the Fowler-Nordheim (F-N) plot for field emission from In_2O_3 nanowires (NWs) is investigated. The field emission from the aligned and nonaligned In_2O_3 NWs are measured and a stable emission with fluctuations less than 10% was obtained for the aligned In_2O_3 NWs. It is found that the nonaligned In_2O_3 NWs with a longer length have higher turn-on and threshold electric fields. Their F-N plots, showing pronounced nonlinear characteristics, are divided into several regions based on physical origins. Field penetration competes with surface states in influencing the field emission of the In_2O_3 NWs with increasing the electric field, which is responsible for the nonlinear characteristics of the F-N plots.