Anopheline bionomics insecticide resistance and transnational dispersion in the context of controlling a possible recurrence of malaria transmission in Jaffna city in northern Sri Lanka

摘要

Location of Sri Lanka in the Indian Ocean. Northern Sri Lanka is separated from South India by narrow Palk Strait. Solid white arrows show wind direction during the Southwest monsoon in the Palk Strait. Jaffna city is located in the Jaffna Peninsula of northern Sri Lanka in close proximity to South India. The Jaffna mainland and associated islands are separate by a narrow strip of Jaffna lagoon. Sample collection locations in Jaffna urban area. Green solid circles indicate the four sampled locations : 1, Kurunagar (9°39′17.5″N, 80°127.05″E); 2, Navanthurai (9°40′16.3″N, 80°029.6″E); 3, Aryalai (9°39′39.9″N, 80°3′1.5″E); and 4, Nallur (9°39′59.99″N, 80°01′60.00″E)