Enhanced bone regeneration of the silk fibroin electrospun scaffolds through the modification of the graphene oxide functionalized by BMP-2 peptide

摘要

IntroductionBone tissue engineering has become one of the most effective methods to treat bone defects. Silk fibroin (SF) is a natural protein with no physiological activities, which has features such as good biocompatibility and easy processing and causes minimal inflammatory reactions in the body. Scaffolds prepared by electrospinning SF can be used in bone tissue regeneration and repair. Graphene oxide (GO) is rich in functional groups, has good biocompatibility, and promotes osteogenic differentiation of stem cells, while bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) polypeptide has an advantage in promoting osteogenesis induction. In this study, we attempted to graft BMP-2 polypeptide onto GO and then bonded the functionalized GO onto SF electrospun scaffolds through electrostatic interactions. The main purpose of this study was to further improve the biocompatibility of SF electrospun scaffolds, which could promote the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and the repair of bone tissue defects.