Measurement of Multiple Nicotine Dependence Domains Among Cigarette Non-cigarette and Poly-tobacco Users: Insights from Item Response Theory

摘要

BackgroundNicotine dependence (ND) is a key construct that organizes physiological and behavioral symptoms associated with persistent nicotine intake. Measurement of ND has focused primarily on cigarette smokers. Thus, validation of brief instruments that apply to a broad spectrum of tobacco product users is needed.