Since the 1950s, the number of doctorate recipients has risen dramatically in the United States. In this paper, we investigate whether the longevity of doctorate recipients’ publication careers has changed. This is achieved by matching 1951–2010 doctorate recipients with rare names in astrophysics, chemistry, economics, genetics and psychology in the dissertation database ProQuest to their publications in the publication database Web of Science. Our study shows that pre-PhD publication careers have changed: the median year of first publication has shifted from after the PhD to several years before PhD in most of the studied fields. In contrast, post-PhD publication career spans have not changed much in most fields. The share of doctorate recipients who have published for more than twenty years has remained stable over time; the shares of doctorate recipients publishing for shorter periods also remained almost unchanged. Thus, though there have been changes in pre-PhD publication careers, post-PhD career spans remained quite stable.
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机译：自1950年代以来，在美国获得博士学位的人数急剧增加。在本文中，我们研究了博士学位获得者的出版职业的寿命是否已改变。这是通过将论文数据库ProQuest中天体物理学，化学，经济学，遗传学和心理学领域的稀有姓名与1951–2010年博士学位获得者与其出版物数据库Web of Science中的出版物匹配来实现的。我们的研究表明，博士之前的出版职业已经发生了变化：在大多数研究领域中，首次发表的中位数年均已从博士之后转变为博士之前的几年。相比之下，博士后出版的职业跨度在大多数领域都没有太大变化。随着时间的推移，已经发表超过二十年的博士学位获得者的比例保持稳定；短期出版的博士学位获得者的比例也几乎保持不变。因此，尽管博士前的出版职业有所变化，但博士后的职业跨度仍然相当稳定。
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