The literature on the contribution of kerosene lighting to indoor air particulate concentrations is sparse. In rural Uganda, kitchens are almost universally located outside the main home, and kerosene is often used for lighting. In this study, we obtained longitudinal measures of particulate matter 2.5 microns or smaller in size (PM2.5) from living rooms and kitchens of 88 households in rural Uganda. Linear mixed effects models with a random intercept for household were used to test the hypotheses that primary reported lighting source and kitchen location (indoor vs. outdoor) is associated with PM2.5 levels. During initial testing, households reported using the following sources of lighting: open wick kerosene (19.3%), hurricane kerosene (45.5%), battery powered (33.0%), and solar (1.1%) lamps. During follow-up testing these proportions changed to 29.5%, 35.2%, 18.2%, and 9.1%, respectively. Average ambient, living room, and kitchen PM2.5 levels were 20.2, 35.2, and 270.0 μg/m3. Living rooms using open wick kerosene lamps had the highest PM2.5 levels (55.3 μg/m3) compared to those using solar lighting (19.4 μg/m3; open wick vs. solar, p = 0.01). 27.6% of homes using open wick kerosene lamps met World Health Organization indoor air quality standards compared to 75.0% in homes using solar lighting.
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机译：关于煤油照明对室内空气中颗粒物浓度的影响的文献很少。在乌干达农村地区，厨房几乎普遍位于主房屋外，煤油通常用于照明。在这项研究中，我们从乌干达农村的88户家庭的起居室和厨房中获得了尺寸为2.5微米或更小的颗粒物质（PM2.5）的纵向测量结果。使用带有随机截距的家庭线性混合效应模型来检验以下假设：主要报告的光源和厨房位置（室内与室外）与PM2.5水平相关。在初始测试中，家庭报告使用了以下照明光源：灯芯煤油（19.3％），飓风煤油（45.5％），电池供电（33.0％）和太阳能（1.1％）。在后续测试期间，这些比例分别变为29.5％，35.2％，18.2％和9.1％。环境，客厅和厨房的PM2.5平均水平分别为20.2、35.2和270.0μg/ m 3 。与使用太阳能照明的客厅（19.4μg/ m 3 ）相比，使用开放式灯芯煤油灯的客厅的PM2.5水平最高（55.3μg/ m 3 ）相对于太阳能，p = 0.01）。使用开放式灯芯煤油灯的家庭达到世界卫生组织室内空气质量标准的比例为27.6％，而使用太阳能照明的房屋为75.0％。
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