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Musical Role Asymmetries in Piano Duet Performance Influence Alpha-Band Neural Oscillation and Behavioral Synchronization

机译:钢琴二重奏演奏中的音乐角色不对称影响阿尔法乐队神经振荡和行为同步

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摘要

Recent work in interpersonal coordination has revealed that neural oscillations, occurring spontaneously in the human brain, are modulated during the sensory, motor, and cognitive processes involved in interpersonal interactions. In particular, alpha-band (8–12 Hz) activity, linked to attention in general, is related to coordination dynamics and empathy traits. Researchers have also identified an association between each individual’s attentiveness to their co-actor and the relative similarity in the co-actors’ roles, influencing their behavioral synchronization patterns. We employed music ensemble performance to evaluate patterns of behavioral and neural activity when roles between co-performers are systematically varied with complete counterbalancing. Specifically, we designed a piano duet task, with three types of co-actor dissimilarity, or asymmetry: (1) musical role (starting vs. joining), (2) musical task similarity (similar vs. dissimilar melodic parts), and (3) performer animacy (human-to-human vs. human-to-non-adaptive computer). We examined how the experience of these asymmetries in four initial musical phrases, alternatingly played by the co-performers, influenced the pianists’ performance of a subsequent unison phrase. Electroencephalography was recorded simultaneously from both performers while playing keyboards. We evaluated note-onset timing and alpha modulation around the unison phrase. We also investigated whether each individual’s self-reported empathy was related to behavioral and neural activity. Our findings revealed closer behavioral synchronization when pianists played with a human vs. computer partner, likely because the computer was non-adaptive. When performers played with a human partner, or a joining performer played with a computer partner, having a similar vs. dissimilar musical part did not have a significant effect on their alpha modulation immediately prior to unison. However, when starting performers played with a computer partner with a dissimilar vs. similar part there was significantly greater alpha synchronization. In other words, starting players attended less to the computer partner playing a similar accompaniment, operating in a solo-like mode. Moreover, this alpha difference based on melodic similarity was related to a difference in note-onset adaptivity, which was in turn correlated with performer trait empathy. Collectively our results extend previous findings by showing that musical ensemble performance gives rise to a socialized context whose lasting effects encompass attentiveness, perceptual-motor coordination, and empathy.
机译:人际协调方面的最新研究表明,在人脑中自然发生的神经振荡在涉及人际互动的感觉,运动和认知过程中受到调节。特别是,通常与注意力相关的α波段(8–12 Hz)活动与协调动态和同理心特质有关。研究人员还确定了每个人对他们的合作者的关注程度与他们在角色扮演中的相对相似程度之间的联系,从而影响了他们的行为同步模式。当表演者之间的角色因完全制衡而系统地变化时,我们采用音乐合奏表演来评估行为和神经活动的模式。具体来说,我们设计了一种钢琴二重奏任务,它具有三种类型的共同角色不相似性或不对称性:(1)音乐角色(开始与加入),(2)音乐任务相似(相似与不相似的旋律声部)和( 3)表演者的动画(人对人与人对非自适应计算机)。我们检查了演奏者交替演奏的四个初始音乐短语中这些不对称的经历如何影响钢琴演奏家随后演奏的统一短语。两位演奏者在弹奏键盘时同时记录了脑电图。我们评估了音调发生时机和围绕统一短语的alpha调制。我们还调查了每个人的自我报告的共情是否与行为和神经活动有关。我们的发现表明,钢琴演奏家与人类伴侣和计算机伴侣一起演奏时,行为同步更紧密,这很可能是因为计算机不自适应。当与人类伴侣一起演奏的演奏者或与计算机伴侣一起演奏的联合演奏者时,具有相似或不相似的音乐声部不会立即对他们的阿尔法调制产生重大影响。但是,当开始演奏者与计算机合作伙伴播放不同部分或相似部分时,alpha同步会大大提高。换句话说,初学者在独奏模式下较少地参加计算机伴侣的演奏,演奏类似的伴奏。而且,基于旋律相似性的阿尔法差异与音符开始适应性的差异有关,而音符开始适应性的差异又与演奏者特质的移情相关。总体而言,我们的结果通过显示音乐合奏表演产生了一种社交化的情境,从而扩展了先前的发现,其持久影响包括专注力,知觉-运动协调和同理心。

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