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Causes of model dry and warm bias over central U.S. and impact on climate projections

机译:美国中部模型偏暖和偏热的原因以及对气候预测的影响

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摘要

Climate models show a conspicuous summer warm and dry bias over the central United States. Using results from 19 climate models in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5), we report a persistent dependence of warm bias on dry bias with the precipitation deficit leading the warm bias over this region. The precipitation deficit is associated with the widespread failure of models in capturing strong rainfall events in summer over the central U.S. A robust linear relationship between the projected warming and the present-day warm bias enables us to empirically correct future temperature projections. By the end of the 21st century under the RCP8.5 scenario, the corrections substantially narrow the intermodel spread of the projections and reduce the projected temperature by 2.5 K, resulting mainly from the removal of the warm bias. Instead of a sharp decrease, after this correction the projected precipitation is nearly neutral for all scenarios.
机译:气候模型显示出美国中部明显的夏季温暖干燥偏见。使用耦合模型比对项目第5阶段(CMIP5)中19种气候模型的结果,我们报告了暖偏倚对干偏倚的持续依赖,而降水不足导致该地区的暖偏倚。降水不足与模型在美国中部夏季捕获强降雨事件的普遍失败有关。预计的变暖与当前的暖偏之间的稳固线性关系使我们能够根据经验校正未来的温度预测。到21世纪末,在RCP8.5情景下,这些校正基本上缩小了投影的模型间分布,并将投影温度降低了2.5 K,这主要是由于消除了暖偏差所致。在进行了校正之后,对于所有情景而言,预计的降水量几乎都是中性的,而不是急剧减少。

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