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The dynamics behind Titans methane clouds

机译:土卫六甲烷云背后的动力学

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摘要

We present results of an axisymmetric global circulation model of Titan with a simplified suite of atmospheric physics forced by seasonally varying insolation. The recent discovery of midlatitude tropospheric clouds on Titan has caused much excitement about the roles of surface sources of methane and the global circulation in forming clouds. Although localized surface sources, such as methane geysers or “cryovolcanoes,” have been invoked to explain these clouds, we find in this work that clouds appear in regions of convergence by the mean meridional circulation and over the poles during solstices, where the solar forcing reaches its seasonal maximum. Other regions are inhibited from forming clouds because of dynamical transports of methane and strong subsidence. We find that for a variety of moist regimes, i.e., with the effect of methane thermodynamics included, the observed cloud features can be explained by the large-scale dynamics of the atmosphere. Clouds at the solsticial pole are found to be a robust feature of Titan's dynamics, whereas isolated midlatitude clouds are present exclusively in a variety of moist dynamical regimes. In all cases, even without including methane thermodynamics, our model ceases to produce polar clouds ≈4–6 terrestrial years after solstices.
机译:我们提出了一个土卫六轴对称全球环流模型的结果,该模型具有简化的大气物理套件,受季节变化的日照强迫。泰坦上中纬度对流层云的最新发现引起了人们对甲烷地表源和全球环流在形成云中的作用的极大兴趣。尽管已调用诸如甲烷间歇泉或“低温火山烷”之类的局部地表源来解释这些云,但我们在这项工作中发现,在均质子午线期间,云层出现在会聚区域中,这是由平均子午线环流和两极上方的极点所引起的。达到季节性最大值。由于甲烷的动态传输和强烈的沉降作用,其他地区被禁止形成云。我们发现,对于各种潮湿状态,即考虑到甲烷热力学的影响,观测到的云特征可以用大气的大规模动力学来解释。发现在极点上的云是土卫六动力学的强大特征,而孤立的中纬度云则仅在各种潮湿的动力学环境中存在。在所有情况下,即使不包括甲烷的热力学,我们的模型也不会在胶溶后约4–6年产生极地云。

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