Design of Nanoscaled Surface Morphology of TiO2–Ag2O Composite Nanorods through Sputtering Decoration Process and Their Low-Concentration NO2 Gas-Sensing Behaviors

摘要

TiO2–Ag2O composite nanorods with various Ag2O configurations were synthesized by a two-step process, in which the core TiO2 nanorods were prepared by the hydrothermal method and subsequently the Ag2O crystals were deposited by sputtering deposition. Two types of the TiO2–Ag2O composite nanorods were fabricated; specifically, discrete Ag2O particle-decorated TiO2 composite nanorods and layered Ag2O-encapsulated TiO2 core–shell nanorods were designed by controlling the sputtering duration of the Ag2O. The structural analysis revealed that the TiO2–Ag2O composite nanorods have high crystallinity. Moreover, precise control of the Ag2O sputtering duration realized the dispersive decoration of the Ag2O particles on the surfaces of the TiO₂ nanorods. By contrast, aggregation of the massive Ag₂O particles occurred with a prolonged Ag₂O sputtering duration; this engendered a layered coverage of the Ag₂O clusters on the surfaces of the TiO₂ nanorods. The TiO₂–Ag₂O composite nanorods with different Ag₂O coverage morphologies were used as chemoresistive sensors for the detection of trace amounts of NO₂ gas. The NO₂ gas-sensing performances of various TiO₂–Ag₂O composite nanorods were compared with that of pristine TiO₂ nanorods. The underlying mechanisms for the enhanced sensing performance were also discussed.