6830名老年人体质指数、腰围、腰臀比与高血压的关系研究

摘要

Objective To investigate the relationship of hypertension with body mass index(BMI), waist circum-ference(WC), and the waist to hip ratio(WHR) in elderly people. Methods The data of 6830 elderly people were retrospectively analyzed to see whether an association exist between blood pressure and their gender, BMI, WC, and WHR. Results The systolic blood pressure(SBP), diastolic blood pressure(DBP), and the incidence of hyperten-sion increased in elderly people as their BMI increased. SBP, DBP, and the incidence of hypertension was higher in group with 24 kg/m2≤BMI<28 kg/m2 and group with BMI≥28 kg/m2 than those in group with BMI <18.5 kg/m2 and 18.5 kg/m2≤BMI <24 kg/m2(P<0.01). After stratification with gender, the DBP was higher in both male and female elderly people with BMI≥28 kg/m2 than those with 24 kg/m2≤BMI<28 kg/m2 and the SBP and the inci-dence of hypertension was higher in female elderly people with BMI≥28 kg/m2 than those with 24 kg/m2≤BMI<28 kg/m2(P<0.01). The SBP, DBP, and the incidence of hypertension was in higher in elderly people with abdominal obesity than in those with normal figure(P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that BMI and WC was more valuable for prediction of hypertension than WHR in elderly people. ROC indicated that male elderly people with increased BMI was more likely to have hypertension, while female elderly people with increased WC was more likely to have hypertension. Conclusion The elderly people with BMI ≥24 kg/m2 and abdominal obesity are sus-ceptible to hypertension. Increased BMI and WC are predictors for hypertension in male and female elderly people, respectively and WHR may be used as supplementary indicator for evaluation of possible hypertension.%目的：探讨老年人体质指数、腰围、腰臀比与高血压的关系。方法用回顾性调查方法，对6830名资料完整的老年人的体质指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）、腰臀比（WHR）及血压情况进行分析，探讨性别、年龄、体质指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）、腰臀比（WHR）与高血压之间的关系。结果随着BMI增高，老年人SBP、DBP、高血压患病率不断增高，超重、肥胖组显著高于正常、消瘦组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）。老年男性肥胖组DBP高于超重组，老年女性肥胖组SBP、DBP、高血压患病率均高于超重组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。老年腹型肥胖组SBP、DBP、高血压患病率均高于正常体型组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）。Logistic逐步回归分析显示，BMI、WC较WHR更能预测高血压风险；ROC曲线分析显示，老年男性BMI对高血压的预测价值更大，老年女性WC的预测价值更大。结论老年超重、肥胖和腹型肥胖人群更易患高血压；BMI和WC是反映老年人肥胖对高血压影响的较好测量指标，男性以BMI对高血压的预测价值更大，女性以WC的预测价值更大，WHR可作为有效补充。