人民胜利渠引黄对灌区农业环境的改善

摘要

A total amount of 36 billion m3 water from the Yellow River together with 510 million tons of silt was diverted to the irrigation area through the People’s Victory Canal (PVC)by the end of 2012 since the completion of the PVC project in 1952. The salt&alkaline lands,swamp low lands and waste sandy lands that amount to 34. 6% of the irrigation area was transformed to stabilized high-yield lands. Ground level of most low lands along the northern dyke of the Yellow River was lifted by 0. 5~3. 5m with silt sedimentation,which improved the drainage condition and the waterlog thus under control. Due to the supplement by the irrigation,together with the creative irrigation mode featured by ground water com-bined with canal water,the dynamic balance of the ground water was maintained in the PVC irrigation area and the quality of the ground water at some salt land area was meliorated.%人民胜利渠自1952年开始引黄灌溉，至2012年累计引黄河水360亿m3，引入泥沙5．1亿t，为灌区农业生产环境的改善提供了物质基础。开灌前占灌区耕地面积34．6％的盐碱地、低洼沼泽地以及黄河故道的沙荒地得到改良，成为稳产、高产田；灌区对黄河泥沙的控制性运用，在很大程度上改善了黄河背河洼地的排水条件，消除了该区的渍、涝灾害；引黄灌溉对灌区地下水的补充以及“井渠结合”灌溉维持了灌区地下水的动态平衡，苦咸水区的地下水水质得到改善。