高拱坝水垫塘消能机理及水力学参数研究进展

摘要

在高拱坝工程中，由于泄洪功率及泄流量巨大，采用挑跌流泄洪＋水垫塘消能的方式较为安全有效。在分析水垫塘内水流流态的基础上，以淹没冲击射流和淹没水跃理论为基础，分析总结了水垫塘的消能机理和过程。同时，对冲击射流主流区和冲击区的水力学参数进行了分析，归纳了前人的研究成果和经验公式，最后结合当前研究成果，阐述了进一步研究高拱坝水垫塘的重点和方向。%In the high arch dam engineering,the energy dissipating mode combing ski - jump with plunge pool is usually used and considered to be safe and effective. On the basis of analyzing the water flow state in a plunge pool,the energy dissipation mechanism and process are analyzed and summarized based on the submerged impinging jet theory and submerged hydraulic jump theory. Moreover,the hydraulic characteristics in main flow area and impinging area of the impinging jet were analyzed;the pre-vious research results and empirical formulas are also summarized. Finally,the focus and direction for further research of high arch damˊs plunge pool are described in combination with the current research achievements.