大连开发区儿童第一恒磨牙窝沟形态及龋病患病状况调查

摘要

Objective This study aims to determine the fissure morphology, prevalence, and severity of caries in the first permanent molars of 7-year-old to 9-year-old children in the Dalian development area. The study also aims to investigate the relationship between fissure morphology and noncavitated lesions. Methods A multi-stage, cluster sampling method was used. Three schools were randomly selected from 20 elementary schools in the Dalian development area. All of the children in the selected schools completed clinical oral examinations. A diagnosis criterion of the International Caries Detection and Assessment System was used to assess the cavitated and noncavitated dental caries in the first permanent molars. Fissure depth and fissure stain were also assessed. Results The total size of the study sample was 1 160. The prevalence of cavitated caries was 19.1%, and the mean D3-6FT score was 0.31. No significant differences were found between urban and rural sub-jects, between men and women, and among different age groups. The prevalence and D1-2FT score of noncavitated caries were 42.1% and 0.86, respectively. The D1-2FT score for rural children was significantly higher than that for urban children, and the D1-2FT score for girls were higher than that for boys. No statistical differences were found among different age groups. The prevalence of deep fissures in the first permanent molars was 44.7%. The prevalence of noncavitated caries increased with increasing fissure depth. Conclusion The prevalences of noncavitated caries and deep fissure in the first permanent molars of 7-year-old to 9-year-old children in Dalian were high. Fissure morphology was found to be related to noncavitated caries.%目的：了解大连开发区7~9岁儿童第一恒磨牙窝沟形态和龋病患病状况，探索第一恒磨牙窝沟形态与非成洞龋的关系。方法采用多阶段、分层、整群抽样方法调查大连开发区7~9岁儿童第一恒磨牙的窝沟形态和龋病患病状况。窝沟形态包括深度和着色情况，龋病的检查参考ICDAS标准分为成洞龋和非成洞龋。结果总调查样本量1 160人，第一恒磨牙成洞龋患病率为19.1%，龋均为0.31，城乡、男女、不同年龄组患龋率和龋均间的差异均无统计学意义。非成洞龋患病率42.1%，龋均0.86，农村儿童龋均显著高于城市儿童，女生龋均显著高于男生，不同年龄组之间龋均无统计学差异。44.7%的人第一恒磨牙有深窝沟，非成洞龋的患病率随着窝沟深度的增加而增加。结论大连开发区7~9岁儿童第一恒磨牙的非成洞龋患病率和深窝沟率均较高，窝沟深度与非成洞龋之间存在相关性。