甲醇和基础汽油对混合燃料蒸发特性的影响

摘要

In order to clarify the effects of methanol and base gasoline on mixture evaporation characteristic ,the saturated va-por pressure ps and distillation curve of methanol-gasoline blends under different mixing ratios and temperatures were researched based on methanol ,93# commercial lead-free gasoline and four kinds of base gasoline .The results show that the saturated va-por pressure of blends including M10 and M15 shows a strong positive deviation .The vapor pressure of methanol-gasoline blends increases rapidly with the increase of temperature .For different methanol-gasoline blends ,the logarithm of vapor pres-sure ln( ps ) is in good linearity with the reciprocal value of temperature ,and a fitting formula between saturated vapor pres-sure ps and methanol volume fraction has been developed .Compared with M0 ,10% distillation temperatures of M10 and M15 are lower because methanol and the certain components of gasoline are azeotropic .The mixture of heavy gasoline and methanol has the highest distillation temperature in four kinds of base gasoline .%为了明确甲醇和基础汽油对混合燃料蒸发性能的影响，选用甲醇、市售93号无铅汽油和4种基础汽油作为试验燃料，研究了不同配比和温度下甲醇汽油的饱和蒸气压（ ps ）和蒸馏曲线。结果表明，甲醇汽油混合燃料饱和蒸气压呈现强烈的拉乌尔正偏差，包括M 0和M 100；同一比例甲醇汽油的蒸气压随温度的升高迅速上升。不同体积分数甲醇汽油的饱和蒸气压对数（ln ps ）与温度的倒数之间有很好的线性规律，拟合出了饱和蒸气压（ ps ）与甲醇体积分数之间的关系式。与M 0相比，M 10和M 15的10％馏出温度均有较大程度的降低，甲醇与汽油中的某些组分产生共沸。4种基础汽油中，重汽油与甲醇组成混合燃料具有最高的馏出温度。