光谱特征和图形特征分别是地物的电磁辐射特征在遥感图像上微观层次和宏观层次的表现形式。滇川黔铅锌成矿区矿床的含矿围岩是碳酸盐岩，广泛分布，但只有特殊的构造位置赋矿。该类矿床的围岩蚀变较弱，环境干扰因素较多，根据光谱特征利用多波段遥感图像提取蚀变异常信息存在较多的不确定性。不同构造位置的相同岩性因遭受不同的风化程度，其形成的地貌、水系以及土壤、植被覆盖等都会有差异，在遥感图像上显示为不同的图形特征，据此可推断岩性以及其结构、构造等特征。图形特征受环境干扰较小，具有较好的稳定性，在滇川黔铅锌成矿区含矿碳酸盐岩的研究中具有实用价值。%The electromagnetic radiation characteristic of ground objects in remote sensing image has two forms,the spectral signature on the micro level and Graphics features on the macro level. The host rock is carbonate rock which is widespread in the Yunnan-Sichuan-Guizhou metallogenic region of Zinc and Lead, however, the deposit located only at the special tectonic. There are many uncertainties of extracting abnormal information of mineralized alteration using multiband remote sensing imagines for the Rock alteration of this kind of deposits is weak, and disturbed by many environment factors also. Rocks in same lithology show different graphic feature on remote sensing image at different tectonic positions, where different weathering degree formed different landform, drainage pattern, soil, vegetation cover, and so on. Conversely, the lithology and structure of the rock and tectonic position would be determined from graphic feature which were seldem Interfered by the environment, and has practical value in the research of ore-hosting carbonate rocks in the Yunnan-Sichuan-Guizhou Pb-Zn metallogenic region.
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