To improve the irrigation uniformity of the variable-rate sprinkler, the relationship between the non-circle nozzle and the rainfall distribution of the variable-rate sprinkler was studied. Based on equal nozzle area, non-circle nozzles with different shapes were designed and their hydraulic characteristics were compared through experiment. The experiment indicated that for the star shaped nozzle, the range rarely decreased and the tendency of the rainfall distribution under different pressures were similar. The hydraulic character was compared between the star shaped nozzle and the circle nozzle. For the star shaped nozzle, the rainfall distribution of the long range area was 85 % of the short range area, for the circle nozzle, the number was 79% , which indicated that the rainfall distribution of the star shaped nozzle was better than that of the circle nozzle. The isogram of sprinkler water depth showed that the irrigation uniformity of the star shaped nozzle was better than that of the circle nozzle and the irrigation uniformity of the square irrigation area was better than that of the triangle irrigation area.%研究了异形喷嘴对变量喷头水量分布的影响.依据面积相同原则设计多种形状的异形喷嘴,测量了异形喷嘴的流量系数、射程和末端水滴直径,得出星形喷嘴射程降低较少,不同压力时水量分布规律相近,可改善低压力下均匀度.对比了星形喷嘴变量喷头和圆形喷嘴变量喷头的水力性能,星形喷嘴变量喷头远射程处平均喷灌强度为近射程处的85％,圆形喷嘴变量喷头远射程处平均喷灌强度为近射程处的79％,星形喷嘴变量喷头水量分布优于圆形喷嘴变量喷头.分析比较了变量喷头水量分布等值线图,结果表明,星形喷嘴变量喷头的水量分布均匀度好于圆形喷嘴变量喷头,方形喷洒域的均匀度好于三角形喷洒域.
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