引黄灌区水资源联合利用耦合模型

摘要

As water resources becoming increasingly scarce, sustainable use of water resources is a key problem for development of Hetao Irrigation District, China. The coupled model for conjunctive use of water resources was established by dynamically coupling numerical simulated model for groundwater with optimal allocation model of water resources. In the coupled model, groundwater level was adopted as a constraint condition and the optimal conjunctive utilization quantity of surface water and groundwater was set as the objective function. Finally, the coupled model was applied for optimizing allocation of the water resources of Hetao Irrigation District in 2020 and 2030. The results showed that the water from the Yellow River in 2020 and 2030 would reach 3.915× 109 and 3.854× 109 m3/a, respectively.Therefore, the surface water wonld be reduced to the national limited amount of 4.0×l09 m3/a by adjusting welleanalirrigated area and industry structure appropriately. The research result can offer a valuable reference for efficiently using water resources and preventing the salinization for other similar regions.%随着引黄水量日益减少,如何有效利用有限的地表水和地下水,成为内蒙河套灌区亟待解决的问题.该文以引黄水量最小和地下水开采量最大为目标,以控制各用水区地下水位在适宜范围作为约束条件,通过动态耦合地下水模拟模型与地表地下水联合利用优化模型,建立了灌区水资源联合利用耦合模型,最后应用此耦合模型对灌区2020和2030年的引黄水和地下水进行了优化分配.结果表明:通过合理调整产业结构和有效利用地表地下水,灌区2020和2030年的引黄水量分别为39.15、38.54亿m3/a,可以达到国家规定的40亿m3/a指标.研究成果可为黄河流域乃至全国其它干旱灌区的水资源高效利用、盐碱化防治等方面提供借鉴和参考.