文章回顾了感知距离与旅游者目的地选择行为的相关研究,通过多维度感知距离的辨析,进一步明晰了感知距离的定义与内涵;总结了感知距离在行为研究中作为解释变量或被解释变量的不同的研究视角及在各自领域所取得的研究成果;对比分析了感知距离的科学测量方法及其适用性;在梳理已有研究成果基础上,还发现其存在理论研究体系不够完善,作用于行为的机制探索不够全面,动态的、细分情境因素的探索不够深入,对于不可视空间、大尺度空间范围的测量技术还相对缺乏,实践成果较少等方面的不足.针对以上不足,提出了完善研究的基本思路,包括进一步明确所研究的行为、提炼行为特征、确定研究尺度、阐明作用机制、提升与开发测量技术、积累丰富实践成果等.基于这一完善思路,提出了进一步探析感知距离作用于旅游者目的地选择规律的研究方向,包括:综合考虑"时空压缩"带来的现实条件变化;从旅游行为特征出发,验证感知距离可能对旅游者行为的"吸引力",从而进一步完善感知距离作用于旅游者目的地选择的作用机制的探讨;细分尺度与情境,引入"距离范围"的概念,探索距离范围的界定标准,从而把握不同距离范围旅游者差异化的行为特征;最后,不断优化测量技术,进一步改善数据质量,从实践层面不断丰富案例地研究.%This paper reviews the study of cognitive distance and its relationship to the destination choices of tourists, as well as clarifying the definition and connotation of cognitive distance by discriminating the cognitive distances in different dimensions. The various research paradigms in behavioral research, which are followed in different studies of cognitive distance (treated as either explainable or explanatory variables), and their corresponding development are summarized in this paper. The scientific measurement method of cognitive distance and its applicability are analyzed and compared. Despite the numerous studies in this field, as summarized in the review, a number of shortcomings exist in the study of cognitive distance: the theoretic system is far from complete, the exploration into the mechanism on behavior remains incomprehensive, and the analysis in dynamic and situational factors is insufficient, furthermore, techniques for a large-scale invisible space scope measurement scale is inadequate, and empirical achievements are lacking. A series of possible research directions are proposed for improvements in the future, including an explicit definition of behavior in a given study, refinements of the behavioral characteristics, and the determination of the scale of study. A clarification of the mechanism of action is also suggested, as are improvements to the existing measuring technologies while developing new technologies and accumulating more practical development and achievements. The direction of further studies on cognitive distance and tourists'destination choice behavior is discussed based on the analytical framework above. First, the catalytic effect of cognitive distance on tourists'destination choice can be verified based on the analysis of tourists'behavior characteristics so as to reveal the mechanism of cognitive distance acting on tourist destination choice. Second, the concept of"distance range"is introduced to refine the interaction in multiple aspects to untangle the complexities of the effect of distance on destination choice. This entails focusing on the division of distance ranges and the refining of differentiated behavioral characteristics. Finally, measurement technology should be always optimized to improve the quality of data and enrich case studies.
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