响应面法优化深共熔溶剂提取烟碱的工艺

摘要

为考察深共熔溶剂在烟碱绿色提取中的应用效果,以烤烟烟叶为提取原料,比较了不同种类的深共熔溶剂,并对影响烟碱得率的4个因素(深共熔溶剂含水率、提取时间、提取温度以及料液比)进行了单因素试验和响应面法工艺优化.结果表明:确定的最佳深共熔溶剂为氯化胆碱-尿素;优化后的工艺条件为氯化胆碱-尿素含水率32％(体积分数),提取温度40℃,提取时间30 min,料液比10 mg/mL.在优化的工艺条件下,烟碱理论得率为22.72 mg/g,实测值22.89 mg/g.以氯化胆碱-尿素作为深共熔溶剂提取烟叶中烟碱的方法是可行的,通过响应面法优化确定的工艺条件较可靠,可为烟碱的绿色提取提供方法参考.%In order to develop a green nicotine extraction method, deep eutectic solvents (DES) were studied using flue-cured tobacco leaves as extraction materials, and four extraction factors (moisture content in DES, extraction time, extraction temperature and solid/liquid ratio) were optimized via single-factor experiments to produce a response surface based on nicotine yields. The results showed that: 1) The optimum deep eutectic solvent was choline chloride-urea. 2) The optimized treatment condition was achieved with the DES moisture content at 32％ (V/V), extracting for 30 minutes at 40 ℃ with the solid/liquid ratio of 10 mg/mL. The calculated extraction yield of nicotine was 22.72 mg/g, and the measured yield was 22.89 mg/g. In summary, the optimized extraction condition is reliable, and could be used as a reference for the green extraction of nicotine in tobacco leaves.