基层法律援助的困境及其理念重塑

摘要

The contradiction between supply and demand in legal aid in China is most prominent at the grassroots level because, on the one hand, legal aid services must be provided directly for the society and, on the other hand, the lack of basic legal aid resources constrains the supply of legal aid.Different agents related to grass-roots legal aid have different concerns about legal aid, which has led to multiple rules for "legal aid in action" and created multidimensional semi-autonomous space for grassroots legal aid, forming a dislocated structural pattern of grass-roots legal aid.In terms of the relationship among behavior, rules, structure in the semi-autonomous social sphere, the agents involved in legal aid should reshape the concept that highlights the legal interests of the recipients, rational response to assistance demand, and aid quality.Only in this way can the bottlenecks in grass-roots legal aid be broken.%我国法律援助的供需矛盾在基层体现得最为突出,因为一方面基层要直接面向社会提供法律援助服务,另一方面基层法律援助资源供给的不足又影响着法律援助的活动.基层法律援助关系中不同主体对法律援助的不同考量,导致了"行动中的法律援助"形成了多元规则,并建构了基层法律援助的多维"半自治社会领域"空间,从而使基层法律援助的结构形成了错位的格局.从"半自治社会领域"中行为、规则、结构的关系来看,法律援助中的各方主体应重塑以受援人合法利益为本位、理性回应援助需求、以援助品质为核心的三重援助理念,使基层法律援助活动突破当前的瓶颈.