浅谈卢卡奇与马克思的物化理论——《历史与阶级意识》与《1844年经济学哲学手稿》读后

摘要

在马克思主义哲学中，物化和异化是个经常的话题。早在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中，马克思就提出了物化和异化理论并据此对资本主义社会劳动与人的关系进行了分析和阐述。在《手稿》之后，西方马克思主义理论家卢卡奇秉承马克思的衣钵，在他的《历史与阶级意识》(以下简称《意识》)中再次对物化进行了全面的探讨。但他的物化概念与马克思的物化理论还是有着较大差别的，拟从两人对物化概念的理解、对物化产生根源的论证等四个方面对此进行浅析。%　　The objectification and alienation is a frequent topic in the philosophy of Marxism. As early as in 1844 Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts, Marx proposed the theory of objectification and alienation, analyzed and elaborated based on labor and human relations of capitalist society. After "Manuscripts", Western Marxism theorist Georg Lukacs, adhering to the mantle of Marx, in his "History and Class Consciousness" (hereinafter referred to as the "consciousness") conducted a comprehensive study on the materialized again. But his concept of materialized has a large difference with the materialized theories of Marx. Analysis of the materialized in this paper is from these two persons' understanding of materialized concept, feasibility studies on the root causes of materialized and other aspects.