磷酸酯型聚醚改性三硅氧烷表面活性剂的合成及性能研究

摘要

Using 1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisioxane (HTSO) and hydroxyl-terminated al yl polyether (FAE-10) as raw material, the epoxy group trisiloxane (ETS) was synthesized through hydrosilylation reaction. Then a new kind of phosphate ester polyether modified trisiloxane surfactant (PATS) had been prepared through phosphation reaction of ETS with phosphoric acid. And its relevant properties were characterized. The structure of PATS was characterized by IR and 1HNMR. Via orthogonal designed experiments, the optimum re⁃action conditions for phosphate ester trisiloxane surfactant were obtained as:n(ETS)∶n(H3PO4)=1.10∶1, the reac⁃tion time was 6 h and the reaction temperature was 90 ℃. PATS had good surface activity, the critical micel e concentration (cmc) was 0.49 g/L and the surface tension (γcmc) was 24.12 mN/m. At the same time, PATS had good stable foaming force, under the conditions of acidic and neutral, PATS had the best hydrolysis resistance stability.%以1,1,1,3,5,5,5-七甲基三硅氧烷（HTSO）、端羟基烯丙基聚醚（FAE-10）为原料，通过硅氢加成反应得到中间体（ETS），再与磷酸（H3PO4）进行酯化反应，制得一种新型的磷酸酯型聚醚改性三硅氧烷表面活性剂（PATS），并对其相关性能进行了测试。采用IR和1HNMR对PATS的结构进行了表征。通过正交试验，得到制备磷酸酯型聚醚改性三硅氧烷表面活性剂的优化工艺：n （ETS）∶n（H3PO4）=1.10∶1，反应温度为90℃，反应时间为6 h。合成的PATS具有良好的表面活性，其临界胶束浓度（cmc）和此时的表面张力（γcmc）分别为0.49 g/L和24.12 mN/m，同时，PATS稳泡性良好，在酸性、中性条件下耐水解稳定性好。