胎儿肾脏多囊性疾病的产前超声诊断与分型

摘要

Objective To explore the clinical value of prenatal ultrasonography for the diagnosis and typing of fetal polycystic and dysplastic kidneys (FPDK). Methods A total of 54 of FPDK were confirmed by odinopoeia or follow-up, and the data was retrospectively analyzed. Results Among the 54 fetuses of polycystic and dysplastic kidneys, there were 2 of Potter type I ,41 of Potter type Ⅱ , 2 of Potter type Ⅲ , and 9 of Potter type Ⅳ. Two of Potter I were confirmed by odinopoeia; Potter Ⅱ were confirmed in 11 by odinopoeia,and 30 live births; PotterⅢwas one confirmed by odinopoeia, and one neonatal died; PotterⅣ was confirmed in 6 fetuses by odinopoeia, and 3 live births survived after post-natal surgery. Conclusion Ultrasound examination is a reliable method for the diagnosis of FPDK. Prenatal ultrasonography has a high accuracy rate for the diagnosis of FPDK and its typing. It is the first choice to detect FPDK early in pregnancy.%目的 探讨胎儿肾脏多囊性疾病( FPDK)的产前超声分型特征及其临床价值.方法 对经引产证实或随访证实的54例FPDK胎儿的产前超声声像图特征进行回顾性分析.结果 产前超声诊断的54例FPDK胎儿中婴儿型多囊肾(Potter Ⅰ型)2例,均为双侧,引产后证实；多囊性发育不良肾(Potter Ⅱ型)41例,11例引产后证实,30例产后婴幼儿存活；成人型多囊肾(PotterⅢ型)2例,均为双侧,1例引产后证实,1例产后新生儿期死亡；梗阻性囊性发育不良肾(PotterⅣ型)9例,6例引产后证实,3例产后婴幼儿存活,手术切除患肾.结论 超声检查是检出FPDK的可靠方法,FPDK产前超声诊断及分型诊断准确率高,是产前早期发现胎儿肾脏多囊性疾病的首要检查方法.